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"""Formal 300-epoch FluxNet-LAP pushforward training on SCNet DCU."""
import csv
import json
import random
import time
from pathlib import Path

import numpy as np
import torch
from torch.nn import functional as F
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader

from common import (ROOT, Trajectories, Windows, build_model, checkpoint_config_matches, device, load_config,
                    output_dir, parser, provenance, rollout_metrics, save_json,
                    setup, validate)


def train_batch(model, window, optimizer, steps):
    """Eq. (6): first-step MSE + terminal MSE; every feedback is detached."""
    optimizer.zero_grad(set_to_none=True)
    prediction = model(window[:, 0])
    first_loss = F.mse_loss(prediction, window[:, 1])
    current = prediction.detach()
    # Free the first graph before the terminal graph to reduce memory without
    # changing gradients or updating parameters between the two losses.
    first_loss.backward()
    with torch.no_grad():
        for _ in range(1, steps - 1):
            current = model(current).detach()
    prediction = model(current.detach())
    terminal_loss = F.mse_loss(prediction, window[:, steps])
    terminal_loss.backward()
    if not torch.isfinite(first_loss + terminal_loss):
        raise FloatingPointError("Nonfinite training loss")
    if not torch.stack([torch.isfinite(parameter.grad).all() for parameter in model.parameters()
                        if parameter.grad is not None]).all():
        raise FloatingPointError("Nonfinite parameter gradient")
    optimizer.step()
    return float(first_loss.detach()), float(terminal_loss.detach())


def atomic_checkpoint(path, payload):
    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    temporary = path.with_suffix(".tmp")
    torch.save(payload, temporary)
    temporary.replace(path)


def main():
    args_parser = parser(__doc__)
    args_parser.add_argument("--resume", type=Path)
    args = args_parser.parse_args()
    cfg = load_config(args.config)
    setup(cfg["seed"])
    target_device = device()
    out = output_dir(cfg)
    settings = cfg["training"]
    run_info = provenance()
    print("FORMAL_TRAINING " + json.dumps({**run_info, "config": cfg}), flush=True)
    train = Trajectories(cfg, "train")
    val = Trajectories(cfg, "val")
    save_json(out / "data_manifest.json", {"train": train.metadata, "val": val.metadata})
    generator = torch.Generator().manual_seed(cfg["seed"])
    train_loader = DataLoader(Windows(train, settings["pushforward_steps"]),
                              batch_size=settings["batch_size"], shuffle=True,
                              num_workers=settings["num_workers"], pin_memory=True,
                              persistent_workers=settings["num_workers"] > 0,
                              generator=generator, drop_last=False)
    val_loader = DataLoader(Windows(val, settings["pushforward_steps"]), batch_size=cfg["evaluation"]["batch_size"],
                            shuffle=False, num_workers=0, pin_memory=True)
    model = build_model(cfg, target_device)
    optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=settings["learning_rate"],
                                  weight_decay=settings["weight_decay"])
    scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.ReduceLROnPlateau(
        optimizer, factor=settings["scheduler_factor"], patience=settings["scheduler_patience"])
    epoch_start, best_loss, best_epoch, history = 1, float("inf"), 0, []
    if args.resume:
        checkpoint = torch.load(args.resume, map_location="cpu", weights_only=False)
        if not checkpoint_config_matches(checkpoint["config"], cfg):
            raise ValueError("Resume config differs from checkpoint")
        model.load_state_dict(checkpoint["model_state_dict"], strict=True)
        optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint["optimizer_state_dict"])
        scheduler.load_state_dict(checkpoint["scheduler_state_dict"])
        epoch_start = checkpoint["epoch"] + 1
        best_loss, best_epoch = checkpoint["best_val_loss"], checkpoint["best_epoch"]
        history = checkpoint["history"]
        random.setstate(checkpoint["random_state"])
        np.random.set_state(checkpoint["numpy_state"])
        torch.set_rng_state(checkpoint["torch_state"])
        torch.cuda.set_rng_state_all(checkpoint["cuda_state"])
        generator.set_state(checkpoint["loader_state"])
    print(f"TRAIN samples={len(train_loader.dataset)} batches/epoch={len(train_loader)} "
          f"parameters={sum(p.numel() for p in model.parameters())} "
          f"epochs={settings['epochs']} start_epoch={epoch_start}", flush=True)
    started = time.monotonic()
    long_data = None
    for epoch in range(epoch_start, settings["epochs"] + 1):
        before = time.monotonic()
        model.train()
        losses = np.zeros(2)
        samples = 0
        lr = optimizer.param_groups[0]["lr"]
        for batch_index, window in enumerate(train_loader, 1):
            window = window.to(target_device, non_blocking=True)
            first, terminal = train_batch(model, window, optimizer, settings["pushforward_steps"])
            losses += np.array([first, terminal]) * len(window)
            samples += len(window)
            if batch_index % settings["print_every_batches"] == 0 or batch_index == len(train_loader):
                print(f"epoch={epoch:03d}/300 batch={batch_index:03d}/{len(train_loader)} "
                      f"loss={(losses.sum()/samples):.8e} one_step={losses[0]/samples:.8e} "
                      f"pushforward5={losses[1]/samples:.8e} lr={lr:.3e}", flush=True)
        validation = validate(model, val_loader, target_device)
        scheduler.step(validation["mse"])
        if validation["mse"] < best_loss:
            best_loss, best_epoch = validation["mse"], epoch
        row = {"epoch": epoch, "train_loss": float(losses.sum()/samples),
               "train_step1_mse": float(losses[0]/samples),
               "train_step5_mse": float(losses[1]/samples),
               "val_mse": validation["mse"],
               "val_step1_mse": validation["step1_mse"],
               "val_step5_mse": validation["step5_mse"],
               **{f"val_mae_{name}": x for name, x in zip(("h", "mx", "my"), validation["mae"])},
               "val_negative_h_ratio": validation["negative_h_ratio"], "lr": lr,
               "seconds": time.monotonic() - before}
        history.append(row)
        print("EPOCH " + json.dumps(row), flush=True)
        save_json(out / "training_history.json", history)
        with open(out / "training_history.csv", "w", newline="") as stream:
            writer = csv.DictWriter(stream, fieldnames=row.keys())
            writer.writeheader()
            writer.writerows(history)
        payload = {"model_state_dict": model.state_dict(), "optimizer_state_dict": optimizer.state_dict(),
                   "scheduler_state_dict": scheduler.state_dict(), "epoch": epoch,
                   "best_val_loss": best_loss, "best_epoch": best_epoch, "config": cfg,
                   "history": history, "provenance": run_info,
                   "random_state": random.getstate(), "numpy_state": np.random.get_state(),
                   "torch_state": torch.get_rng_state(), "cuda_state": torch.cuda.get_rng_state_all(),
                   "loader_state": generator.get_state()}
        if best_epoch == epoch:
            atomic_checkpoint(ROOT / cfg["paths"]["best_checkpoint"], payload)
            print(f"BEST checkpoint epoch={best_epoch} val_mse={best_loss:.8e}", flush=True)
        if epoch % settings["checkpoint_every_epochs"] == 0 or epoch == settings["epochs"]:
            atomic_checkpoint(ROOT / cfg["paths"]["last_checkpoint"], payload)
        save_json(out / "training_status.json", {"state": "running", "completed_epochs": epoch,
                  "best_epoch": best_epoch, "best_val_loss": best_loss,
                  "elapsed_seconds": time.monotonic() - started, "provenance": run_info})
        if epoch % cfg["evaluation"]["long_test_every_epochs"] == 0:
            if long_data is None:
                long_data = Trajectories(cfg, "test_long")
            diagnostic = rollout_metrics(model, long_data, target_device, cfg["evaluation"]["batch_size"])
            save_json(out / f"diagnostic_long_epoch{epoch:03d}.json", diagnostic)
            print("LONG_TEST_DIAGNOSTIC " + json.dumps({"epoch": epoch, **diagnostic}), flush=True)
    assert len(history) == settings["epochs"] and history[-1]["epoch"] == 300
    save_json(out / "training_status.json", {"state": "completed", "completed_epochs": 300,
              "best_epoch": best_epoch, "best_val_loss": best_loss,
              "elapsed_seconds": time.monotonic() - started, "provenance": run_info,
              "formal_training": True, "stopped_early": False})
    print(f"TRAINING_COMPLETED epochs=300 best_epoch={best_epoch} best_val_mse={best_loss:.8e}", flush=True)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()